Fig. 3. CsA treatment in vivo leads to only modest activation of HIF-1 signaling. Yet, cellular defense against stress is promoted. (A) Fold changes and associated p-values for known HIF-1 target genes as determined from the microarray analysis are shown for CsA treated mice. (B) For comparison, a typical pattern of these HIF target genes is shown in mice expressing tubular VHL-KO, as a model of renal HIF response (data taken from GSE44925) [21]. *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001.